Everything you need to know about Migrations

Methods:
    create_table(name, options)
    drop_table(name)
    rename_table(old_name, new_name)
    add_column(table_name, column_name, type, options)
    rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
    change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options)
    remove_column(table_name, column_name)
    add_index(table_name, column_name, index_type)
    remove_index(table_name, column_name)
    change_table(table_name) {|Table.new(table_name, self)| ...} 
    change_column_default(table_name, column_name, default)
    change_column_null(table_name, column_name, null, default = nil)
  
  Available Column Types (mappings are below):
    * integer
    * float
    * datetime
    * date
    * timestamp
    * time
    * text
    * string
    * binary
    * boolean
    * decimal :precision, :scale
  
  Valid Column Options:
    * limit
    * null (i.e. ":null => false" implies NOT NULL)
    * default (to specify default values)
    * :decimal, :precision => 8, :scale => 3
  
  Rake Tasks:
    rake db:schema:dump: run after you create a model to capture the schema.rb
    rake db:schema:import: import the schema file into the current database (on
    error, check if your schema.rb has ":force => true" on the create table
    statements
    ./script/generate migration MigrationName: generate a new migration with a
    new 'highest' version (run './script/generate migration' for this info at
    your fingertips)
    rake db:migrate: migrate your current database to the most recent version
    rake db:migrate VERSION=5: migrate your current database to a specific
    version (in this case, version 5)
    rake db:rollback: migrate down one migration
    rake db:rollback STEP=3: migrate down three migrations
    rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production: migrate your production database
  
  SQL:
    Queries can be executed directly:
    execute 'ALTER TABLE researchers ADD CONSTRAINT fk_researchers_departments
    FOREIGN KEY ( department_id ) REFERENCES departments( id )'
  
  Example Migration:
    class UpdateUsersAndCreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration
      def self.up
        rename_column "users", "password", "hashed_password" 
        remove_column "users", "email" 
  
         User.reset_column_information
         User.find(:all).each{|u| #do something with u}
  
        create_table :people do |t|
          t.integer :account_id
          t.string  :first_name, :last_name, :null => false
          t.text    :description
          t.references :category # is the equivalent of t.integer :category_id
          t.timestamps
        end
      end
  
  
migrations:
  Methods:
    create_table(name, options)
    drop_table(name)
    rename_table(old_name, new_name)
    add_column(table_name, column_name, type, options)
    rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
    change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options)
    remove_column(table_name, column_name)
    add_index(table_name, column_name, index_type)
    remove_index(table_name, column_name)
    change_table(table_name) {|Table.new(table_name, self)| ...} 
    change_column_default(table_name, column_name, default)
    change_column_null(table_name, column_name, null, default = nil)
  
  Available Column Types (mappings are below):
    * integer
    * float
    * datetime
    * date
    * timestamp
    * time
    * text
    * string
    * binary
    * boolean
    * decimal :precision, :scale
  
  Valid Column Options:
    * limit
    * null (i.e. ":null => false" implies NOT NULL)
    * default (to specify default values)
    * :decimal, :precision => 8, :scale => 3
  
  Rake Tasks:
    rake db:schema:dump: run after you create a model to capture the schema.rb
    rake db:schema:import: import the schema file into the current database (on
    error, check if your schema.rb has ":force => true" on the create table
    statements
    ./script/generate migration MigrationName: generate a new migration with a
    new 'highest' version (run './script/generate migration' for this info at
    your fingertips)
    rake db:migrate: migrate your current database to the most recent version
    rake db:migrate VERSION=5: migrate your current database to a specific
    version (in this case, version 5)
    rake db:rollback: migrate down one migration
    rake db:rollback STEP=3: migrate down three migrations
    rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production: migrate your production database
  
  SQL:
    Queries can be executed directly:
    execute 'ALTER TABLE researchers ADD CONSTRAINT fk_researchers_departments
    FOREIGN KEY ( department_id ) REFERENCES departments( id )'
  
  Example Migration:
    class UpdateUsersAndCreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration
      def self.up
        rename_column "users", "password", "hashed_password" 
        remove_column "users", "email" 
  
         User.reset_column_information
         User.find(:all).each{|u| #do something with u}
  
        create_table :people do |t|
          t.integer :account_id
          t.string  :first_name, :last_name, :null => false
          t.text    :description
          t.references :category # is the equivalent of t.integer :category_id
          t.timestamps
        end
      end
  
      def self.down
        rename_column "users", "hashed_password", "password" 
        add_column "users", "email", :string
        drop_table "products" 
      end
    end
  
  Find Highest version:
    script/runner "puts ActiveRecord::Migrator.current_version"
  
  Database Mapping
  
  Rails         db2             mysql           openbase        Oracle
  :binary       blob(32678)     blob            object          blob
  :boolean      decimal(1)      tinyint(1)      boolean         number(10)
  :date         date            date            date            date
  :datetime     timestamp       datetime        datetime        date
  :decimal      decimal         decimal         decimal         decimal
  :float        float           float           float           number
  :integer      int             int(11)         integer         number(38)
  :string       varchar(255)    varchar(255)    char(4096)      varchar2(255)
  :text         clob(32768)     text            text            clob
  :time         time            time            time            date
  :timestamp    timestamp       datetime        timestamp       date
  
  Rails         postgresql      sqlite          sqlserver       Sybase
  :binary       bytea           blob            image           image
  :boolean      boolean         boolean         bit             bit
  :date         date            date            datetime        datetime
  :datetime     timestamp       datetime        datetime        datetime
  :decimal      decimal         decimal         decimal         decimal
  :float        float           float           float(8)        float(8)
  :integer      integer         integer         int             int
  :string       *               varchar(255)    varchar(255)    varchar(255)
  :text         text            text            text            text
  :time         time            datetime        datetime        time
  :timestamp    timestamp       datetime        datetime        timestamp

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Inserting and Moving elements inside Ruby Array

Difference between Validations, Callbacks and Observers